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Polish Dependency Relation Types
Arguments
comp (complement)
adjectival complements – governed by a verb form, e.g. uczynić kogoś silnymADJ (Eng. ‘to make so. strong’),
adverbial complements – governed by a verb form, e.g. zeskoczyć skądśADV (Eng. ‘to jump from somewhere’),
- nominal complements – governed by:
an adjective, e.g. pełny mlekaGEN (Eng. ‘full of milk’),
a preposition, e.g. w domuLOC (Eng. ‘at home’),
a verb form, e.g. zakończyć się sukcesemINSTR (Eng. ‘to be successful’).
a numeral, e.g. kilkaNOM tygodniGEN (Eng. ‘a few weeks’).
- prepositional complements – governed by:
- a verb form, e.g. czekać na (Eng. ‘to wait for’),
- an adjective, e.g. zdolny do (Eng. ‘able to, capable of’),
- an adverb, e.g. właśnie przez (Eng. ‘just by’).
comp_fin (clausal complement)
- fulfilled by a finite clause (declarative, interrogative, or exclamatory) with an internal subject,
- governed by a verb form, a subordinating conjunction or a noun.
comp_inf (infinitival complement)
- realized as a non-finite clause,
- governed by:
- a noun phrase, e.g. (mieć) prawo coś zrobić (Eng. ‘(to have) the right to do sth’),
- a verb form, e.g. chcieć coś zrobić (Eng. ‘to want to do sth’), trzeba coś zrobić (Eng. ‘it’s necessary to do sth’),
- an adjective phrase.
obj (object)
- realized as a noun phrase marked for the accusative, genitive, instrumental or even dative case,
- governed by a verb form,
- transformed into the subject in passive constructions.
obj_th (dative object)
- fulfilled by a dative noun phrase,
- governed by a verb form,
- must fulfil the semantic role of Recipient, Experiencer, Beneficiary, etc.,
- cannot be promoted to the subject during passivisation or change its status to the object.
pd (predicative complement)
- fulfilled by any element in the predicative position in a sentence,
- governed by copula or copula-like verb forms, e.g. być (Eng. ‘to be’), stać się (Eng. ‘to become’).
subj (subject)
- subcategorised by the sentence predicate,
- fulfilled by a noun phrase, a clause, an adjective phrase, a numeral phrase or a pro-drop pronoun,
pro is not encoded in a dependency structure.
Non-arguments
adjunct
- okolicznik
aglt
- mobilna końcówka fleksyjna (ang. mobile inflection)
app
- apozycja
aux
- czasownik posiłkowy
complm (complementizer)
- fulfilled by a complementizer, e.g. że, iż (Eng. ‘that’), żeby, aby, by (Eng. ‘so as to’),
- introduces a complement clause, the predicate of which is its governor,
- may be realized optionally.
cond
- klityka warunkowa 'by'
imp
- partykuła 'niech' (tryb rozkazujący)
mwe
- wyrażenie wielowyrazowe (ang. multiword expression)
neg
- znacznik negacji 'nie'
pred
- orzeczenie zdaniowe lub głowa frazy nominalnej
punct
- znak interpunkcyjny
abbrev_punct
- interpunkcyjny znacznik skrótu
refl
- znacznik zwrotności 'się'
Koordynacja
conjunct
- element koordynowany
coord
- spójnik współrzędny
coord_punct
- interpunkcyjny element koordynujący
pre_coord
- pierwszy człon złożonego spójnika współrzędnego (ang. pre-conjunction)